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Solar Wind and the Magnetosphere

Charged particles are continuously emitted from the Sun in the form of Solar Wind. The temperature and speed of the particles will determine the force the particles are ejected from the Sun.

The Solar Winds could be extremely dangerous for Earth and all of its organisms. However, the Earth has a protection shield, known as the Magnetosphere (refer to the Earth’s Magnetic Field article).

As the Solar Wind approaches Earth (or other planets that have a magnetic field, such as Jupiter and Saturn), the Solar Wind is deflected away from Earth, and extends out like a tail on the side of the Earth facing away from the sun. The picture below, illustrates the tail on the right side.

wind

Image from Wikipedia

Some of the charged particles are trapped with the Earth’s Magnetic Field in regions known as the Van Allen Radiation Belts. Charged particles moving through the atmosphere can create Auroras. The charged particles are funneled down to the Poles.